CentOS 操作一块9T的硬盘

文章

林里克斯

MBR 分区形式支持的磁盘最大容量为2TB。如果硬盘分区为 MBR 格式，且需要超过 2TB 时，建议使用 GPT 分区方式后将数据拷贝至新盘上。对于 Linux 操作系统而言，当磁盘分区形式选用 GPT 时，fdisk 分区工具将无法使用，需要采用 parted 工具。

实验平台：CentOS 7.4
fdisk只能操作最大为2T容量的磁盘
MBR 分区最大支持2T，超过2T的容量需要使用 GPT 分区

操作步骤：

一、查看系统磁盘
二、操作磁盘
三、测试

一、查看系统磁盘

$ fdisk -l

Disk /dev/vda: 42.9 GB, 42949672960 bytes, 83886080 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x0008de3e

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/vda1   *        2048    83884031    41940992   83  Linux

Disk /dev/sdc: 9896.9 GB, 9896849672960 bytes, 8323886080 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x0008de3e

二、操作磁盘

1.使用parted命令操作大于2T的磁盘

$ parted /dev/sdc
#操作/dev/sdc这块磁盘
GNU Parted 3.1
Using /dev/sdc
Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands.
(parted) mklabel gpt
#选择gpt格式
(parted) mkpart p1
#选择磁盘格式
File system type?  [ext2]? ext3     
#选择为ext3格式
Start? 0             
#开始容量
End? 9T   
#结束容量
eg：(这里也可以使用unit TB；修改单位为TB)
Warning: The resulting partition is not properly aligned for best performance.
Ignore/Cancel? Ignore                                                     
(parted) p  
#列出已有磁盘信息
Model: DELL MD38xxf (scsi)
Disk /dev/sdc: 9896GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: gpt
Disk Flags: 

Number  Start   End     Size    File system  Name  Flags
 1      17.4kB  9000GB  9000GB               p1

2.格式化磁盘

$ mkfs.ext3 -T largefile /dev/sdc1 
#mkfs.ext3需要加参数才能操作超大磁盘，此操作磁盘越大需要时间越长
mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
8583168 inodes, 2197265620 blocks
109863281 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296
67056 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
128 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks: 
    32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208, 
    4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872, 71663616, 78675968, 
    102400000, 214990848, 512000000, 550731776, 644972544, 1934917632

Allocating group tables: done                            
Writing inode tables: done                            
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

3.挂载磁盘

$ mount /dev/sdc1 /homt/ftp/upload

三、测试

$ fdisk -l

Disk /dev/vda: 42.9 GB, 42949672960 bytes, 83886080 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x0008de3e

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/vda1   *        2048    83884031    41940992   83  Linux

Disk /dev/sdc: 9896.9 GB, 9896849672960 bytes, 8323886080 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x0008de3e


   Device Boot      Start         End           Blocks      Id  System
/dev/sdc1   *        2048    9896849672960    41941230992   83   gpt

df -lh
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/vda1        40G  6.5G   31G  18% /
devtmpfs        911M     0  911M   0% /dev
tmpfs           920M   84K  920M   1% /dev/shm
tmpfs           920M  416K  920M   1% /run
tmpfs           920M     0  920M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
tmpfs           184M     0  184M   0% /run/user/0
/dev/sdc1       9.0T    6M  8.9T   1% /home/ftp/upload

Over~